Rohaite

Chemical formula: (Tl,Pb,K)₂Cu₈.₇Sb₂S₄

Rohaite is a rare, black sulfide containing thallium, lead, potassium, copper, and antimony, discovered in Greenland.

## Characteristics Rohaite is a very rare mineral from the sulfide group. It forms microscopic, lath-like or acicular crystals, which usually occur as aggregates or as inclusions in other minerals. Typical specimens are black and have a metallic luster. Due to the small size of its crystals, its visual features are difficult to observe without specialized equipment, such as a microscope. ## Physical Properties This mineral has a hardness in the range of 3-3.5 on the Mohs scale. It is opaque and has a metallic luster. Its density has not been precisely determined. ## Colors and Varieties Rohaite occurs exclusively in black. No color varieties or commercial varieties are known. ## History and Name The mineral was discovered and described in 1978. Its name comes from its type locality – informally called "Roha" – located on the Kuannersuit (Kvanefjeld) plateau in the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex in Greenland. This is the only confirmed occurrence of this mineral in the world. ## Uses Due to its extreme rarity and microscopic size, rohaite has no industrial application. It is solely an object of scientific and collecting interest for specialized micromineral collectors.

Properties

Mohs hardness
3-3.5
Luster
Metallic
Density
0
Transparency
Opaque
Crystal system
Orthorhombic

Diagnostic features

## Identification Identification of rohaite is possible only through advanced laboratory methods, such as chemical composition analysis (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In collecting conditions, identification relies on knowledge of associated minerals and origin from the type locality. ## Distinguishing from Similar Minerals It can be confused with other rare, black sulfides found in the Ilímaussaq complex, such as cuprostibite or roquesite. Definitive differentiation requires specialized chemical analysis, especially due to the presence of thallium, which is a diagnostic feature. ## Crystal Forms Rohaite forms very small, lath-like or acicular crystals, usually not exceeding 0.2 mm in length. These crystals often occur in irregular aggregates or as inclusions in other minerals, mainly chkalovite.

Geological environment

## Genesis Rohaite forms under hydrothermal conditions within nepheline syenites and their pegmatites. It is a product of a late stage of crystallization in an environment rich in rare elements, such as thallium. ## Mineral Associations This mineral is associated with other rare minerals from the Ilímaussaq complex. It is most commonly found in association with chkalovite (in which it forms inclusions), as well as aegirine, analcime, microcline, nepheline, natrolite, sorensenite, sphalerite, galena, cuprostibite, and roquesite. ## Localities The only confirmed locality of rohaite in the world is its type locality: the Kuannersuit (Kvanefjeld) plateau in the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, in the Kujalleq region of southern Greenland.

Rarity

Extremely rare

For collectors

## Quality Criteria The quality of a rohaite specimen is determined by the abundance and size of microscopic crystals within the host rock. The most valued samples are those in which rohaite aggregates are clearly visible under a microscope and well-formed. Association with other rare minerals from this locality is also important. ## Popular Localities All collectible specimens come from a single location in the world – the Kuannersuit plateau in Greenland. This is a classic locality for many rare minerals, and material from there is highly prized by collectors specializing in microminerals and rare-element minerals.

Care and storage

## Cleaning Rohaite specimens, typically microscopic inclusions, do not require cleaning. Any attempts at mechanical or chemical cleaning of the host rock can irreversibly damage the delicate crystals. ## What to Avoid Avoid contact with chemicals, ultrasonics, and any abrasive agents. The mineral is soft and brittle, so it should be protected from impacts and scratches. ## Storage Specimens containing rohaite should be stored in stable conditions, in specialized "micromount" boxes that protect them from dust, moisture, and mechanical damage. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.

External references

Sources

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