Minehillite

Chemical formula: (K,Na)₂Ca₂₈Zn²⁺₅Al₄Si₄₀O₁₁₂(OH)₁₆

Minehillite is a rare, colorless or white zinc, potassium, and calcium silicate of the reyerite group, known exclusively from the Franklin Mine in the USA.

## Characteristics Minehillite is a very rare mineral of the reyerite group, with a complex chemical composition including potassium, calcium, zinc, aluminum, and silicon. It occurs as small, hexagonal, tabular crystals that form radial or spherulitic aggregates. Typical specimens appear as delicate, pearly flakes or rosettes, growing on other minerals. Due to its rarity and small crystal size, it is a mineral known mainly among specialists and advanced collectors. ## Physical Properties Minehillite is characterized by low hardness, measuring 4 on the Mohs scale, which makes it a relatively soft mineral. Its luster is distinctly pearly, especially on cleavage surfaces, giving it a characteristic appearance. It is transparent, and its density is approximately 2.93 g/cm³. It possesses perfect cleavage in one plane, causing it to easily split into thin flakes. ## Colors and Varieties This mineral is colorless or white. It does not form colored varieties and has no distinct trade names. ## History and Name Minehillite was discovered and described in 1984. Its name comes from the location where the first specimens were found – Mine Hill, where the Franklin Mine is located in Sussex County, New Jersey, USA. This mine is simultaneously its type locality and the only confirmed occurrence worldwide. ## Uses Due to its extreme rarity and small size, minehillite has no industrial applications. Its only significance is scientific and collectible, as a unique mineral from a classic locality.

Properties

Mohs hardness
4
Luster
Pearly
Streak
White
Density
2.93
Cleavage
{0001}
Transparency
Transparent
Crystal system
Hexagonal

Diagnostic features

## Identification Minehillite is identified by its characteristic form – it creates small, hexagonal, tabular crystals gathered in radial aggregates or rosettes. Key features include pearly luster on cleavage surfaces, white color, low hardness, and occurrence in the specific geological environment of the Franklin Mine. ## Distinguishing from Similar Minerals It can be confused with other white, platy minerals from the reyerite group or zeolites. It is distinguished from reyerite by the presence of zinc in its composition. From visually similar zeolites (e.g., spherulitic thomsonite), it is distinguished by lower hardness and hexagonal crystal form. Certain identification requires advanced analytical methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD). ## Crystal Forms It forms thin, tabular crystals with a hexagonal outline. These crystals most often occur in the form of radial or spherulitic (spherical) aggregates and rosettes.

Geological environment

## Genesis Minehillite is a secondary mineral, formed as a result of hydrothermal processes within metamorphosed, stratiform zinc and manganese ore deposits. It forms in rock fractures and voids during the late stage of mineralization. ## Mineral Associations This mineral occurs in association with other rare minerals typical of Franklin, such as franklinite, willemite, zincite, as well as calcite, barite, rhodochrosite, and various zeolites. ## Localities The only confirmed occurrence of minehillite in the world is its type locality: the Franklin Mine, in Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA.

Rarity

Extremely rare

For collectors

## Quality Criteria The most valuable minehillite specimens are those with well-formed, sharp, and undamaged crystalline aggregates in the form of rosettes or radial fans. Specimens where the white, pearly minehillite aggregates contrast with a colorful rock matrix, for example, with black franklinite or pink rhodochrosite, are also highly prized. The size of the aggregates and the richness of their occurrence on the specimen also significantly increase its value. ## Popular Localities The only source of minehillite specimens is the historic Franklin Mine in New Jersey, USA. All specimens available on the collector's market originate from this single locality.

Care and storage

## Cleaning Minehillite specimens are extremely delicate and fragile. Cleaning should be kept to an absolute minimum. If necessary, a very soft brush can be used to remove dust. Water and any chemical agents should be avoided. ## What to Avoid Contact with water, ultrasonic cleaners, chemical agents, and sudden temperature changes must be strictly avoided. Its low hardness (4 on the Mohs scale) makes it susceptible to scratches, and its perfect cleavage makes it prone to mechanical damage, such as impacts or drops. ## Storage It is recommended to store specimens only in stable, sealed collector boxes (e.g., "perky boxes"), lined with soft material. They should be protected from dust, vibrations, and direct contact with harder minerals.

External references

Sources

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