Heulandite-Sr

Chemical formula: (Sr,Ca,Na)<sub>5</sub>(Si<sub>27</sub>Al<sub>9</sub>)O<sub>72</sub>·24H<sub>2</sub>O

Heulandite-Sr is a rare mineral from the zeolite group, being the strontium analogue of heulandite-Ca, distinguished by its occurrence in tabular crystals.

## Characteristics Heulandite-Sr is a hydrated strontium, calcium, and sodium aluminosilicate, belonging to the heulandite series within the zeolite group. It forms crystals with a characteristic tabular or wedge-shaped habit, often with an oblique, rhombic outline. Crystal surfaces can be slightly curved. It usually occurs as single, well-formed crystals or their radial aggregates in fissures and gas cavities of volcanic rocks. ## Physical Properties Crystals have a hardness in the range of 3.5-4 on the Mohs scale. They exhibit a vitreous luster, and often a pearly luster on cleavage surfaces. They are transparent to translucent. The mineral's density is approximately 2.29 g/cm³. ## Colors and Varieties Heulandite-Sr is most often colorless or white. It can take on pink, orange, yellowish, or reddish-brown hues, which is associated with the presence of impurities. No named varieties are distinguished. ## History and Name The mineral was first described in 1985 by G. Gottardi and E. Passaglia based on material from Campegli, Italy. Its name refers to its chemical composition – it is a member of the heulandite series in which strontium (Sr) is the dominant cation. The name of the entire group comes from the English mineral collector, John Henry Heuland (1778-1856). ## Uses Heulandite-Sr has no industrial applications. It is valued and sought after by mineral collectors due to its rarity and well-formed crystals.

Properties

Mohs hardness
3.5-4
Luster
Vitreous, Pearly
Streak
White
Density
2.29
Cleavage
Perfect on {010}
Fracture
Uneven
Transparency
Transparent to translucent
Crystal system
Monoclinic

Diagnostic features

## Identification Heulandite-Sr can be identified by its characteristic, often rhombic, tabular crystal habit, pearly luster on cleavage planes, and occurrence in geodes and fissures of volcanic rocks. It reacts to heating, melting and swelling easily. ## Distinguishing from Similar Minerals It can be confused with other minerals from the heulandite group (Heulandite-Ca, -K, -Na, -Ba). Definitive differentiation requires advanced chemical analyses (EDS, WDS) to determine the dominant cation. From stilbite, with which it often co-occurs, it is distinguished by its crystal form – stilbite forms characteristic sheaf-like aggregates. ## Crystal Forms Crystals are tabular, often with a rhombic outline, resembling coffin shapes. They occur as single crystals grown on a matrix or form fan-shaped and radial aggregates.

Geological environment

## Genesis Heulandite-Sr is a low-temperature hydrothermal mineral. It forms as a result of hydrothermal solution activity that alters volcanic rocks, such as basalts, andesites, and their tuffs. It crystallizes in gas cavities (amygdules) and fissures of these rocks. ## Mineral Associations It often co-occurs with other zeolites, such as stilbite, chabazite, epistilbite, as well as with calcite, quartz (including chalcedony and agate), and apophyllite. ## Localities The most important occurrences of heulandite-Sr worldwide include the area around Campegli in Liguria (Italy) – the type locality; the Cidanela River valley in Sicily (Italy); the Poona district in Maharashtra (India); the Faroe Islands; and some localities in the USA, e.g., in New Jersey.

Rarity

Rare

For collectors

## Quality Criteria The most valued specimens by collectors are those with large, sharply terminated, transparent crystals with intense coloration (e.g., pink or orange). Aesthetic compositions of heulandite-Sr with other minerals, such as contrasting stilbite or apophyllite, grown on a carefully prepared rock matrix, are also highly regarded. ## Popular Localities Specimens of the highest collector's value primarily come from classic zeolite localities in India, particularly from quarries in the vicinity of Poonah (Pune) and Nashik in Maharashtra state.

Care and storage

## Cleaning Specimens should be cleaned very carefully, using a soft brush to remove dust. Brief rinsing in distilled water is permissible, followed by thorough drying. Ultrasonic cleaners should be avoided, as they can damage delicate crystals. ## What to Avoid Heulandite-Sr, like other zeolites, is sensitive to high temperatures, which can cause dehydration, leading to a loss of transparency and dulling. Contact with acids and other chemicals should be avoided. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight is not recommended. ## Storage Collections should be stored under stable conditions, away from heat sources and sudden temperature changes. Due to its relatively low hardness and perfect cleavage, specimens should be protected from impacts and contact with harder minerals.

External references

Sources

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