Aurihydrargyrumite

Chemical formula: Au<sub>6</sub>Hg<sub>5</sub>

Aurihydrargyrumite is an extremely rare natural amalgam of gold and mercury, forming tiny, metallic grains of tin-white or yellowish color.

## Characteristics Aurihydrargyrumite is a natural alloy (amalgam) of gold and mercury. It most commonly occurs as very small, irregular grains, aggregates, or thin coatings on other minerals. Its surface is metallic, ranging in color from tin-white and silvery-white to brassy-yellow. Over time, it may tarnish and become covered with a darker coating. ## Physical Properties This mineral is characterized by a metallic luster and is completely opaque. It is relatively soft, with a Mohs hardness of approximately 2.5. One of its key features is its very high density, around 16.5 g/cm³, which is a result of the presence of heavy elements – gold and mercury. It is also malleable and ductile, meaning it can be deformed under pressure. ## Colors and Varieties The basic color range of aurihydrargyrumite includes shades from silvery-white to light yellow. No named color varieties or commercial varieties are distinguished. ## History and Name The mineral's name comes from the Latin words *aurum* (gold) and *hydrargyrum* (mercury), directly referring to its chemical composition. It was first described in 1983 by a group of Russian scientists (N.D. Samusikov, N.I. Goryunova, E.M. Gorshkov, N.V. Leskova) based on material from the Kuranakh gold deposit on the Aldan Plateau in Russia. ## Uses Due to its extreme rarity, aurihydrargyrumite has no industrial applications. It is solely an object of scientific interest and a prized acquisition for advanced systematic mineral collections.

Properties

Mohs hardness
2.5
Luster
Metallic
Streak
Light yellow
Density
16.52
Cleavage
None
Fracture
Hackly
Transparency
Opaque
Crystal system
Isometric

Diagnostic features

## Identification Key features for identifying aurihydrargyrumite are its exceptionally high density, metallic luster, low hardness, and malleability. The color, from silvery to yellowish, is also an important clue. However, definitive confirmation requires advanced analytical methods, such as X-ray microanalysis (EDS/WDS). ## Differentiation from Similar Minerals Aurihydrargyrumite can be confused with other natural amalgams (e.g., moschellandsbergite), native gold, or platinum. Native gold is usually more yellow and even denser. Platinum is harder. It can only be distinguished from other amalgams by chemical analysis. ## Crystal Forms This mineral primarily forms anhedral (irregular) grains and aggregates, rarely exceeding fractions of a millimeter in size. Very rarely, poorly formed, small crystals in the shape of cubes or octahedra are observed.

Geological environment

## Genesis Aurihydrargyrumite forms under low-temperature hydrothermal processes, most commonly in the oxidation (weathering) zones of gold deposits. It forms as a result of the reaction of mercury-bearing solutions with native gold. ## Mineral Associations This mineral often co-occurs with native gold, cinnabar (the main source of mercury), quartz, and other rare mercury minerals and amalgams. ## Localities The most important and type locality is the Kuranakh gold deposit on the Aldan Plateau (Sakha Republic, Russia). It has also been reported in several other locations worldwide, including the Chukotka region in Russia, but it remains an extremely rare mineral, known from only a few occurrences.

Rarity

Extremely rare

For collectors

## Quality Criteria In the case of such a rare micromineral, the collector's value is primarily determined by the richness of the specimen – i.e., the quantity and size of visible aurihydrargyrumite grains on the rock matrix. Specimens where this mineral clearly grows on native gold or occurs in association with well-formed cinnabar are also highly prized. Authenticity confirmed by analysis and accurate locality documentation are also crucial. ## Popular Localities Almost all specimens available on the collector's market come from the type locality – the Kuranakh deposit in Russia. These are usually small rock fragments with tiny, dispersed mineral grains.

Care and storage

## Cleaning The mineral is very soft and chemically sensitive. Cleaning should be kept to an absolute minimum. A soft brush or carefully applied compressed air can be used to remove dust. Avoid washing with water and any chemical agents. ## What to Avoid As a mercury amalgam, the mineral is potentially toxic. Direct skin contact should be avoided, and above all, inhalation of dust that might arise from damage to the specimen. It must not be heated, as this leads to the release of toxic mercury vapors. It should be protected from scratching, impacts, and contact with acids and other chemicals. ## Storage Aurihydrargyrumite specimens should be stored in a tightly sealed, stable container (e.g., a perky box) to minimize the risk of mercury vapor release and protect it from mechanical damage. It is advisable to place a warning label about toxicity on the container. Store away from other, harder minerals.

Sources

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