Arsenovanmeersscheite
Chemical formula: U<sup>6+</sup>(U<sup>6+</sup>O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(As<sup>5+</sup>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O
Arsenovanmeersscheite is a rare, secondary uranyl mineral, an arsenate variety of vanmeersscheite, forming yellow, tabular crystals.
Properties
- Mohs hardness
- 2
- Luster
- Vitreous
- Streak
- Pale yellow
- Density
- 4.75
- Cleavage
- Perfect on {100}
- Fracture
- Uneven
- Transparency
- Transparent to translucent
- Crystal system
- Orthorhombic
Diagnostic features
## Identification Key diagnostic features include intense yellow color, tabular crystal habit forming characteristic aggregates, strong green fluorescence under UV light, and high radioactivity. However, identification requires specialized equipment. ## Distinguishing from Similar Minerals It can be confused with many other yellow secondary uranium minerals, such as autunite, torbernite (in meta-form), uranophane, or vanmeersscheite itself. Definitive differentiation is almost exclusively possible through chemical analysis (EDS/WDS) or X-ray diffraction (XRD), which allow for the identification of arsenic as a key component and confirmation of the crystal structure. ## Crystal Forms It forms thin, tabular crystals with a rectangular or hexagonal outline. These crystals often combine into radial, stellate, or rosette-like aggregates, and also form thin coatings and crusts on the host rock.
Geological environment
## Genesis It is a secondary mineral, formed in the oxidation (weathering) zones of uraninite deposits and other primary uranium minerals. It crystallizes from aqueous solutions rich in uranium and arsenic under low temperature and pressure conditions. ## Mineral Associations It most often co-occurs with other secondary uranium minerals, such as vanmeersscheite, kamotoite-(Y), schoepite, uranophane, as well as with primary uraninite. ## Localities The only confirmed and described locality (type locality) of this mineral is the Shinkolobwe mine in Haut-Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This is a historic, now inactive uranium and cobalt mine.
Rarity
Very rare
For collectors
## Quality Criteria The most prized specimens are those with well-formed, sharp crystals forming aesthetic, radial aggregates on a contrasting rock matrix. Intense, pure color and lack of damage to the delicate crystals are important. Due to its rarity, any well-defined specimen is valuable. ## Popular Localities The only source of specimens is the historical type locality – the Shinkolobwe mine in the DRC. Material from this mine is available only on the secondary market, often originating from old collections.
Care and storage
## Cleaning Specimens should not be cleaned wet. Only gentle dust removal with a soft brush or compressed air from a safe distance is permissible. ## What to Avoid Contact with water and chemicals should be strictly avoided. The mineral is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. As a secondary mineral, it can dehydrate in overly dry environments, leading to its destruction. It is highly radioactive – direct skin contact, inhalation of dust, and storage near areas of permanent human presence should be avoided. ## Storage Specimens should be stored in sealed, lead-lined or thick-glass containers clearly marked with radioactivity warnings. It is best to keep them in stable humidity conditions, away from sunlight and heat sources.